ASTM D4131-19(2024) PDF

ASTM D4131-19(2024) PDF

1.1This practice covers determination of the quantitative and qualitative species composition of fish in a specified area. The successful use of this technique is dependent on: (1) preventing fish from escaping the sample area and (2) retrieving all affected fish, which may take up to three days.

1.2Advantages:

1.2.1Easily detoxified.

1.2.2All native freshwater fish are susceptible, but it has low toxicity to mammals and birds.

1.2.3At low concentrations fish toxicity depends on species, age, and size.

1.2.4The suffocating action is reversible.

1.3Limitations:

1.3.1It is less effective in cold (below 20 °C) and highly alkaline water.

1.3.2Smaller fish and those without air bladders usually do not float.

1.3.3Completely random selection of sample areas is not possible.

1.3.4Overkill beyond sample area can sometimes occur.

1.3.5Food web organisms may be eliminated.

1.4Applications-This practice is useful in both short- and long-term studies for management and impact assessment purposes. It is adaptable to both lotic and lentic situations in littoral and limnetic areas.

1.5The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

1.6This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards, see Section 7.

1.7This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.